TU Graz Model Finds Limiting Per Capita Living Space Is Key to Reducing EU Building Emissions
A new forecasting model developed by researchers at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) indicates that reducing individual living space is a primary factor in lowering carbon dioxide emissions within the European Union’s building sector. The study, conducted in collaboration with a research consortium including KU Leuven and Politecnico di Milano, identifies the construction and building industry as a significant contributor to climate change, accounting for nearly 40 percent of the EU’s total CO₂ output.
The research team designed the model, known as PULSE-EU, to analyze the long-term environmental impact of various housing strategies. According to the findings, the model demonstrates that current trends toward larger living areas per person counteract efforts to improve energy efficiency in construction. By simulating different scenarios, the researchers highlight that limiting the expansion of residential floor space per capita serves as a critical lever for meeting climate mitigation targets. The study provides this data to assist policymakers and urban planners in evaluating how building density and residential size influence the overall carbon footprint of the European housing stock.
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Date: July 9, 2026
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