miRNAs belong to the category of non-coding RNAs. They block the expression of a gene either by binding to its specific mRNA and degrading it or by preventing the translation of the specific mRNA. More than 1900 miRNAs have been discovered to date in humans, and many of them have been implicated in various human diseases. Changes in the expression of miRNA have been involved in diseases like cancer, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and osteoarthritis (OA).
Several miRNAs have been identified that are differentially expressed in OA . One of the first miRNA that has been linked to OA pathology is miRNA-140.